nws-weather-mcp-server

Public Hosted Server: https://nws.caseyjhand.com/mcp

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Overview

Real-time US weather from the National Weather Service: forecasts, active alerts, current conditions, and forecaster discussions for any point in the 50 states and US territories, plus zone forecasts, coastal and marine alerts, and a week of station history. No API key required.

Tools

Tool	Description
nws_get_forecast	7-day or hourly forecast for coordinates. Resolves NWS grid internally.
nws_search_alerts	Active weather alerts filtered by area, point, zone, event, severity, urgency, certainty, and status.
nws_get_alert	One alert message by ID, current or superseded (~7-day retention).
nws_get_alert_counts	Active alert counts nationwide, per state/territory or marine area, and per marine region.
nws_get_observations	Current conditions by coordinates (nearest station) or station ID.
nws_get_observation_history	A station's recent observations, newest first, paged back through the ~7 days NWS keeps.
nws_find_stations	Nearby observation stations sorted by distance with bearing.
nws_list_alert_types	All valid alert event type names for filter discovery.
nws_get_office_discussion	Latest narrative product (AFD, HWO, ZFP, SPS) from a Weather Forecast Office; a product too large to inline comes back as a section outline.
nws_get_zone_forecast	Text forecast periods for an NWS forecast zone.

Resources

Resource	Description
nws://alert-types	Static list of all valid NWS alert event type names.

Also reachable via the nws_list_alert_types tool, for MCP clients that don't support resources.

Capability reference

nws_get_forecast tool

• latitude + longitude; returns 14 named 12-hour periods (~7 days) by default, or with hourly: true one-hour periods with dewpoint and humidity, 48 per page of the ~156 upstream
• Returns the forecastZone and county zone codes for chaining into nws_search_alerts
• Marine coordinates fail with marine_forecast_unsupported, and land points NWS serves no forecast grid for fail with no_forecast_grid

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nws_search_alerts tool

• At most one location filter (area, point, zone, region_type, or region), or none for a national search; event matches case-insensitively and partially; status defaults to Actual (also Exercise, System, Test, Draft)
• limit (default 25) is capped at 25; a larger limit is served as 25 and reported through requestedLimit/effectiveLimit
• Each affectedZones entry carries its zone type (forecast/county/fire); references lists superseded messages newest first by sent; a point outside NWS coverage fails with invalid_point

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nws_get_alert tool

• alert_id: an alert id from nws_search_alerts, or a references[].identifier from any alert; returns { alert } in the same shape as nws_search_alerts, including superseded messages
• A malformed ID, an unknown one, and one past NWS's ~7-day retention all fail with alert_not_found

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nws_get_alert_counts tool

• No input; returns national totalAlerts (landAlerts + marineAlerts), plus areas counts keyed by state/territory or marine area code and regions counts keyed by marine region (AL, AT, GL, GM, PA, PI), each listing only codes with an active alert
• Counts cover every message status, Test and Exercise included, so totalAlerts can exceed a national nws_search_alerts totalCount (status: Actual by default); an alert counts once in each area its zones fall in, so areas can sum past totalAlerts

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nws_get_observations tool

• Look up by coordinates (resolves nearest station) or station_id directly
• Dual-unit display on every measurement (F/C, mph/km/h, inHg/hPa, mi/km); observations older than 2 hours carry a staleness notice, and a separate warning flags a station with most measurements unavailable

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nws_get_observation_history tool

• station_id (from nws_find_stations); optional start (inclusive) and end (exclusive) as ISO 8601 date-times with seconds and an offset; newest first, back through the ~7 days NWS keeps
• limit (default 24) is capped at 100; a larger limit is served as 100 and reported through requestedLimit/effectiveLimit
• Each observation carries the nws_get_observations measurement fields, null where the station reported nothing; an unknown station fails with station_not_found, and a malformed window or a start not before end with invalid_time_window
• nextCursor appears only when older observations remain; there is no totalCount, since NWS reports none for a window

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nws_find_stations tool

• latitude + longitude; optional limit (default 10) is capped at 50; a larger limit is served as 50 and reported through requestedLimit/effectiveLimit
• Nearest first; each result carries the station ID for nws_get_observations, distance (km), bearing, zone codes, elevation, and time zone

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nws_list_alert_types tool

• Returns the full set of event types the NWS API recognizes (e.g., "Tornado Warning", "Heat Advisory")
• Use to discover valid values for the event filter in nws_search_alerts

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nws_get_office_discussion tool

• office: usually the 3-letter WFO code (e.g., "SEW" for Seattle) returned as the office field by nws_get_forecast; product_type: AFD (default), HWO, ZFP, or SPS
• Returns productText plus issuanceTime, issuingOffice, productName, productCode, wmoCollectiveId; an unknown office, or one with no current product of the requested type, fails with no_products
• A product too large to inline (most ZFPs) returns an outline of its sections instead of productText; pass sections (AFD section names, or zone codes for ZFP/HWO/SPS) to get the matching sections, and an unknown name fails with unknown_section

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nws_get_zone_forecast tool

• zone_id: forecast zone code (e.g., "WAZ315") — returned by nws_get_forecast (forecastZone), nws_find_stations (forecastZone column), and nws_search_alerts (the code of an affectedZones entry with type: "forecast")
• Returns named periods (e.g., "Today", "Tonight", "Monday") with narrative text from local forecasters
• County (XXC###), fire, and unknown zone codes fail with zone_not_found; marine zones with no text forecast fail with marine_forecast_unsupported, and land zones with none with zone_forecast_unavailable

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nws://alert-types resource

• Static list of all valid NWS alert event type names, returned as application/json
• No parameters; cached publicly for 1 hour

Features

Built on @cyanheads/mcp-ts-core: stdio and Streamable HTTP transports, pluggable auth (none / jwt / oauth), swappable storage (in-memory, filesystem, Supabase, Cloudflare KV/R2/D1), structured logging with optional OpenTelemetry tracing.

NWS-specific:

• Sends the required User-Agent header automatically (configurable via NWS_USER_AGENT) — NWS returns 403 without one
• Automatic coordinate-to-grid resolution via /points, cached for 1h since grid cells rarely change
• Request timeouts plus retry/backoff for transient NWS API failures
• Zero-auth access — no API keys required
• Paged results — pass the returned nextCursor back as cursor for the next page (omitted on the last page)

Agent-friendly output:

• Provenance — responses echo office codes, time zones, and zone codes so agents can chain into nws_get_office_discussion, nws_get_zone_forecast, and nws_search_alerts
• Guidance over silence — empty, truncated, or cursor-past-end results carry a notice naming the cause and the next step
• Typed error reasons (invalid_area_code, no_products, zone_not_found, …) so callers branch on data, not string parsing
• Dual-unit measurements (F/C, mph/km/h, inHg/hPa, mi/km), rounded to match the text output

Getting started

Public Hosted Instance

A public instance is available at https://nws.caseyjhand.com/mcp — no installation required. Point any MCP client at it via Streamable HTTP:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "nws-weather-mcp-server": {
      "type": "streamable-http",
      "url": "https://nws.caseyjhand.com/mcp"
    }
  }
}

Self-Hosted / Local

Add the following to your MCP client configuration file.

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "nws-weather-mcp-server": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "bunx",
      "args": ["@cyanheads/nws-weather-mcp-server@latest"],
      "env": {
        "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE": "stdio",
        "MCP_LOG_LEVEL": "info"
      }
    }
  }
}

Or with npx (no Bun required):

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "nws-weather-mcp-server": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@cyanheads/nws-weather-mcp-server@latest"],
      "env": {
        "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE": "stdio",
        "MCP_LOG_LEVEL": "info"
      }
    }
  }
}

Or with Docker:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "nws-weather-mcp-server": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "docker",
      "args": ["run", "-i", "--rm", "-e", "MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE=stdio", "ghcr.io/cyanheads/nws-weather-mcp-server:latest"]
    }
  }
}

For Streamable HTTP, set the transport and start the server:

MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE=http MCP_SESSION_MODE=stateless MCP_HTTP_PORT=3010 bun run start:http
# Server listens at http://localhost:3010/mcp

Prerequisites

• Node.js v24+ or Bun v1.4+

Installation

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/cyanheads/nws-weather-mcp-server.git

2. Navigate into the directory:

cd nws-weather-mcp-server

3. Install dependencies:

bun install

Configuration

Variable	Description	Default
NWS_USER_AGENT	User-Agent for NWS API requests. The API requires this header.	(nws-weather-mcp-server, ...)
MCP_TRANSPORT_TYPE	Transport: stdio or http.	stdio
MCP_HTTP_PORT	Port for HTTP server.	3010
MCP_HTTP_HOST	Hostname for HTTP server.	127.0.0.1
MCP_SESSION_MODE	HTTP session mode: stateful, stateless, or auto.	stateless
MCP_LOG_LEVEL	Log level: debug, info, notice, warning, error.	info

See .env.example for the full list including auth, storage, and OpenTelemetry options.

Running the server

Local development

• Build and run the production version:

  # One-time build
  bun run rebuild
  
  # Run the built server
  bun run start:http
  # or
  bun run start:stdio
  

• Run checks and tests:

  bun run devcheck     # Lints, formats, type-checks
  bun run test         # Runs test suite
  

Project structure

Directory	Purpose
src/index.ts	createApp() entry point — registers tools and the resource.
src/mcp-server/tools/definitions/	Tool definitions (*.tool.ts).
src/mcp-server/resources/definitions/	Resource definitions (*.resource.ts).
src/services/nws/	NWS API client and response types.
src/config/	Environment variable parsing and validation with Zod.
tests/	Unit and integration tests mirroring src/.

Development guide

See CLAUDE.md for development guidelines and architectural rules. The short version:

• Handlers throw, framework catches — no try/catch in tool logic
• Use ctx.log for domain-specific logging, ctx.state for storage
• Add new tools/resources to the barrel exports and the createApp() arrays in src/index.ts
• Wrap NWS API calls: validate raw JSON → normalize to domain types → return the output schema; never fabricate missing fields

Contributing

Issues are welcome. Run checks before submitting:

bun run devcheck
bun run test

License

Apache-2.0 — see LICENSE for details.